상해
sahng-hae
sanghae
상하다
To say to go bad (sour, rotten), to get stale politely in the present tense, use 상해요 (sahng-hae-yoh) · sanghaeyo. Below is the full conjugation of 상하다 across the three tenses and three everyday speech levels.
Grammar note (하다 verb): 하다 verbs are formed with a Sino-Korean noun + 하다 (e.g. 공부하다 = study + do). 하다 conjugates irregularly: the ㅏ in 하 contracts with the -아/-어 suffix to give 해 (not *하어). Present polite: 해요; past polite: 했어요. The formal ending is 합니다 (not *하습니다). Most noun+하다 compounds follow this pattern uniformly. See all 하다 verbs →
Conjugation table
pron. = pronunciation guide · RR = Revised Romanization
Highlighted = where the stem changes
| Tense | Casual (반말) | Polite (요) | Formal (합니다) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present | 상해요 sahng-hae-yoh sanghaeyo | 상합니다 sahng-hahm-nee-dah sanghamnida | |
| Past | 상했어 sahng-hae-ssuh sanghaesseo | 상했어요 sahng-hae-ssuh-yoh sanghaesseoyo | 상했습니다 sahng-hae-sseum-nee-dah sanghaesseumnida |
| Future | 상할 거야 sahng-hahl guh-yah sanghal geoya | 상할 거예요 sahng-hahl guh-yae-yoh sanghal geoyeyo | 상할 겁니다 sahng-hahl guhm-nee-dah sanghal geomnida |
Other useful forms
Honorific / Command Polite (-(으)세요)
상하세요
sahng-hah-sae-yoh
sanghaseyo
Suggestion / Let's Polite (요)
상해요
sahng-hae-yoh
sanghaeyo
Question Polite (요)
상해요?
sahng-hae-yoh-?
sanghaeyo?
Connective "and" — (고)
상하고
sahng-hah-goh
sanghago
Conditional "if" — (면)
상하면
sahng-hah-myuhn
sanghamyeon
Progressive (고 있어요)
상하고 있어요
sahng-hah-goh ee-ssuh-yoh
sanghago isseoyo
Want to (고 싶어요)
상하고 싶어요
sahng-hah-goh shee-puh-yoh
sanghago sipeoyo
Can / Able to ((으)ㄹ 수 있어요)
상할 수 있어요
sahng-hahl soo ee-ssuh-yoh
sanghal su isseoyo
Because / So (아/어서)
상해서
sahng-hae-suh
sanghaeseo
Noun form — (기)
상하기
sahng-hah-gee
sanghagi
Noun form — (음)
상함
sahng-hahm
sangham