사양해
sah-yahng-hae
sayanghae
사양하다
To say to refuse courteously, to decline politely in the present tense, use 사양해요 (sah-yahng-hae-yoh) · sayanghaeyo. Below is the full conjugation of 사양하다 across the three tenses and three everyday speech levels.
Grammar note (하다 verb): 하다 verbs are formed with a Sino-Korean noun + 하다 (e.g. 공부하다 = study + do). 하다 conjugates irregularly: the ㅏ in 하 contracts with the -아/-어 suffix to give 해 (not *하어). Present polite: 해요; past polite: 했어요. The formal ending is 합니다 (not *하습니다). Most noun+하다 compounds follow this pattern uniformly. See all 하다 verbs →
Conjugation table
pron. = pronunciation guide · RR = Revised Romanization
Highlighted = where the stem changes
| Tense | Casual (반말) | Polite (요) | Formal (합니다) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present | 사양해요 sah-yahng-hae-yoh sayanghaeyo | 사양합니다 sah-yahng-hahm-nee-dah sayanghamnida | |
| Past | 사양했어 sah-yahng-hae-ssuh sayanghaesseo | 사양했어요 sah-yahng-hae-ssuh-yoh sayanghaesseoyo | 사양했습니다 sah-yahng-hae-sseum-nee-dah sayanghaesseumnida |
| Future | 사양할 거야 sah-yahng-hahl guh-yah sayanghal geoya | 사양할 거예요 sah-yahng-hahl guh-yae-yoh sayanghal geoyeyo | 사양할 겁니다 sah-yahng-hahl guhm-nee-dah sayanghal geomnida |
Other useful forms
Honorific / Command Polite (-(으)세요)
사양하세요
sah-yahng-hah-sae-yoh
sayanghaseyo
Suggestion / Let's Polite (요)
사양해요
sah-yahng-hae-yoh
sayanghaeyo
Question Polite (요)
사양해요?
sah-yahng-hae-yoh-?
sayanghaeyo?
Connective "and" — (고)
사양하고
sah-yahng-hah-goh
sayanghago
Conditional "if" — (면)
사양하면
sah-yahng-hah-myuhn
sayanghamyeon
Progressive (고 있어요)
사양하고 있어요
sah-yahng-hah-goh ee-ssuh-yoh
sayanghago isseoyo
Want to (고 싶어요)
사양하고 싶어요
sah-yahng-hah-goh shee-puh-yoh
sayanghago sipeoyo
Can / Able to ((으)ㄹ 수 있어요)
사양할 수 있어요
sah-yahng-hahl soo ee-ssuh-yoh
sayanghal su isseoyo
Because / So (아/어서)
사양해서
sah-yahng-hae-suh
sayanghaeseo
Noun form — (기)
사양하기
sah-yahng-hah-gee
sayanghagi
Noun form — (음)
사양함
sah-yahng-hahm
sayangham