사과해
sah-gwah-hae
sagwahae
사과하다
To say to apologize politely in the present tense, use 사과해요 (sah-gwah-hae-yoh) · sagwahaeyo. Below is the full conjugation of 사과하다 across the three tenses and three everyday speech levels.
Grammar note (하다 verb): 하다 verbs are formed with a Sino-Korean noun + 하다 (e.g. 공부하다 = study + do). 하다 conjugates irregularly: the ㅏ in 하 contracts with the -아/-어 suffix to give 해 (not *하어). Present polite: 해요; past polite: 했어요. The formal ending is 합니다 (not *하습니다). Most noun+하다 compounds follow this pattern uniformly. See all 하다 verbs →
Conjugation table
pron. = pronunciation guide · RR = Revised Romanization
Highlighted = where the stem changes
| Tense | Casual (반말) | Polite (요) | Formal (합니다) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present | 사과해요 sah-gwah-hae-yoh sagwahaeyo | 사과합니다 sah-gwah-hahm-nee-dah sagwahamnida | |
| Past | 사과했어 sah-gwah-hae-ssuh sagwahaesseo | 사과했어요 sah-gwah-hae-ssuh-yoh sagwahaesseoyo | 사과했습니다 sah-gwah-hae-sseum-nee-dah sagwahaesseumnida |
| Future | 사과할 거야 sah-gwah-hahl guh-yah sagwahal geoya | 사과할 거예요 sah-gwah-hahl guh-yae-yoh sagwahal geoyeyo | 사과할 겁니다 sah-gwah-hahl guhm-nee-dah sagwahal geomnida |
Other useful forms
Honorific / Command Polite (-(으)세요)
사과하세요
sah-gwah-hah-sae-yoh
sagwahaseyo
Suggestion / Let's Polite (요)
사과해요
sah-gwah-hae-yoh
sagwahaeyo
Question Polite (요)
사과해요?
sah-gwah-hae-yoh-?
sagwahaeyo?
Connective "and" — (고)
사과하고
sah-gwah-hah-goh
sagwahago
Conditional "if" — (면)
사과하면
sah-gwah-hah-myuhn
sagwahamyeon
Progressive (고 있어요)
사과하고 있어요
sah-gwah-hah-goh ee-ssuh-yoh
sagwahago isseoyo
Want to (고 싶어요)
사과하고 싶어요
sah-gwah-hah-goh shee-puh-yoh
sagwahago sipeoyo
Can / Able to ((으)ㄹ 수 있어요)
사과할 수 있어요
sah-gwah-hahl soo ee-ssuh-yoh
sagwahal su isseoyo
Because / So (아/어서)
사과해서
sah-gwah-hae-suh
sagwahaeseo
Noun form — (기)
사과하기
sah-gwah-hah-gee
sagwahagi
Noun form — (음)
사과함
sah-gwah-hahm
sagwaham