굳어
goo-duh
gudeo
descriptive
굳다
To say hard politely in the present tense, use 굳어요 (goo-duh-yoh) · gudeoyo. Below is the full conjugation of 굳다 across the three tenses and three everyday speech levels.
Grammar note (descriptive): Descriptive verbs (형용사) function like adjectives in Korean and conjugate the same way as regular action verbs. They cannot take the progressive -고 있어요 or imperative forms. 좋다 (to be good) → 좋아요; 크다 (to be big) → 커요 (으-irregular).
Conjugation table
pron. = pronunciation guide · RR = Revised Romanization
| Tense | Casual (반말) | Polite (요) | Formal (합니다) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present | 굳어요 goo-duh-yoh gudeoyo | 굳습니다 goot-seum-nee-dah gutseumnida | |
| Past | 굳었어 goo-duh-ssuh gudeosseo | 굳었어요 goo-duh-ssuh-yoh gudeosseoyo | 굳었습니다 goo-duh-sseum-nee-dah gudeosseumnida |
| Future | 굳을 거야 goo-deul guh-yah gudeul geoya | 굳을 거예요 goo-deul guh-yae-yoh gudeul geoyeyo | 굳을 겁니다 goo-deul guhm-nee-dah gudeul geomnida |
Other useful forms
Honorific / Command Polite (-(으)세요)
굳으세요
goo-deu-sae-yoh
gudeuseyo
Suggestion / Let's Polite (요)
굳어요
goo-duh-yoh
gudeoyo
Question Polite (요)
굳어요?
goo-duh-yoh-?
gudeoyo?
Connective "and" — (고)
굳고
goot-goh
gutgo
Conditional "if" — (면)
굳으면
goo-deu-myuhn
gudeumyeon
Progressive (고 있어요)
굳고 있어요
goot-goh ee-ssuh-yoh
gutgo isseoyo
Want to (고 싶어요)
굳고 싶어요
goot-goh shee-puh-yoh
gutgo sipeoyo
Can / Able to ((으)ㄹ 수 있어요)
굳을 수 있어요
goo-deul soo ee-ssuh-yoh
gudeul su isseoyo
Because / So (아/어서)
굳어서
goo-duh-suh
gudeoseo
Noun form — (기)
굳기
goot-gee
gutgi
Noun form — (음)
굳음
goo-deum
gudeum