고생해
goh-saeng-hae
gosaenghae
고생하다
To say to have a hard time, to go through hardship politely in the present tense, use 고생해요 (goh-saeng-hae-yoh) · gosaenghaeyo. Below is the full conjugation of 고생하다 across the three tenses and three everyday speech levels.
Grammar note (하다 verb): 하다 verbs are formed with a Sino-Korean noun + 하다 (e.g. 공부하다 = study + do). 하다 conjugates irregularly: the ㅏ in 하 contracts with the -아/-어 suffix to give 해 (not *하어). Present polite: 해요; past polite: 했어요. The formal ending is 합니다 (not *하습니다). Most noun+하다 compounds follow this pattern uniformly. See all 하다 verbs →
Conjugation table
pron. = pronunciation guide · RR = Revised Romanization
Highlighted = where the stem changes
| Tense | Casual (반말) | Polite (요) | Formal (합니다) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present | 고생해요 goh-saeng-hae-yoh gosaenghaeyo | 고생합니다 goh-saeng-hahm-nee-dah gosaenghamnida | |
| Past | 고생했어 goh-saeng-hae-ssuh gosaenghaesseo | 고생했어요 goh-saeng-hae-ssuh-yoh gosaenghaesseoyo | 고생했습니다 goh-saeng-hae-sseum-nee-dah gosaenghaesseumnida |
| Future | 고생할 거야 goh-saeng-hahl guh-yah gosaenghal geoya | 고생할 거예요 goh-saeng-hahl guh-yae-yoh gosaenghal geoyeyo | 고생할 겁니다 goh-saeng-hahl guhm-nee-dah gosaenghal geomnida |
Other useful forms
Honorific / Command Polite (-(으)세요)
고생하세요
goh-saeng-hah-sae-yoh
gosaenghaseyo
Suggestion / Let's Polite (요)
고생해요
goh-saeng-hae-yoh
gosaenghaeyo
Question Polite (요)
고생해요?
goh-saeng-hae-yoh-?
gosaenghaeyo?
Connective "and" — (고)
고생하고
goh-saeng-hah-goh
gosaenghago
Conditional "if" — (면)
고생하면
goh-saeng-hah-myuhn
gosaenghamyeon
Progressive (고 있어요)
고생하고 있어요
goh-saeng-hah-goh ee-ssuh-yoh
gosaenghago isseoyo
Want to (고 싶어요)
고생하고 싶어요
goh-saeng-hah-goh shee-puh-yoh
gosaenghago sipeoyo
Can / Able to ((으)ㄹ 수 있어요)
고생할 수 있어요
goh-saeng-hahl soo ee-ssuh-yoh
gosaenghal su isseoyo
Because / So (아/어서)
고생해서
goh-saeng-hae-suh
gosaenghaeseo
Noun form — (기)
고생하기
goh-saeng-hah-gee
gosaenghagi
Noun form — (음)
고생함
goh-saeng-hahm
gosaengham