고두해
goh-doo-hae
goduhae
고두하다
To say to kowtow politely in the present tense, use 고두해요 (goh-doo-hae-yoh) · goduhaeyo. Below is the full conjugation of 고두하다 across the three tenses and three everyday speech levels.
Grammar note (하다 verb): 하다 verbs are formed with a Sino-Korean noun + 하다 (e.g. 공부하다 = study + do). 하다 conjugates irregularly: the ㅏ in 하 contracts with the -아/-어 suffix to give 해 (not *하어). Present polite: 해요; past polite: 했어요. The formal ending is 합니다 (not *하습니다). Most noun+하다 compounds follow this pattern uniformly. See all 하다 verbs →
Conjugation table
pron. = pronunciation guide · RR = Revised Romanization
Highlighted = where the stem changes
| Tense | Casual (반말) | Polite (요) | Formal (합니다) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present | 고두해요 goh-doo-hae-yoh goduhaeyo | 고두합니다 goh-doo-hahm-nee-dah goduhamnida | |
| Past | 고두했어 goh-doo-hae-ssuh goduhaesseo | 고두했어요 goh-doo-hae-ssuh-yoh goduhaesseoyo | 고두했습니다 goh-doo-hae-sseum-nee-dah goduhaesseumnida |
| Future | 고두할 거야 goh-doo-hahl guh-yah goduhal geoya | 고두할 거예요 goh-doo-hahl guh-yae-yoh goduhal geoyeyo | 고두할 겁니다 goh-doo-hahl guhm-nee-dah goduhal geomnida |
Other useful forms
Honorific / Command Polite (-(으)세요)
고두하세요
goh-doo-hah-sae-yoh
goduhaseyo
Suggestion / Let's Polite (요)
고두해요
goh-doo-hae-yoh
goduhaeyo
Question Polite (요)
고두해요?
goh-doo-hae-yoh-?
goduhaeyo?
Connective "and" — (고)
고두하고
goh-doo-hah-goh
goduhago
Conditional "if" — (면)
고두하면
goh-doo-hah-myuhn
goduhamyeon
Progressive (고 있어요)
고두하고 있어요
goh-doo-hah-goh ee-ssuh-yoh
goduhago isseoyo
Want to (고 싶어요)
고두하고 싶어요
goh-doo-hah-goh shee-puh-yoh
goduhago sipeoyo
Can / Able to ((으)ㄹ 수 있어요)
고두할 수 있어요
goh-doo-hahl soo ee-ssuh-yoh
goduhal su isseoyo
Because / So (아/어서)
고두해서
goh-doo-hae-suh
goduhaeseo
Noun form — (기)
고두하기
goh-doo-hah-gee
goduhagi
Noun form — (음)
고두함
goh-doo-hahm
goduham