부족해
boo-choh-kae
bujokae
부족하다
To say to be insufficient politely in the present tense, use 부족해요 (boo-choh-kae-yoh) · bujokaeyo. Below is the full conjugation of 부족하다 across the three tenses and three everyday speech levels.
Grammar note (하다 verb (adj)): 하다 adjectives use the same verb 하다 as a suffix to turn descriptive nouns into predicates (행복하다 = to be happy). They conjugate identically to 하다 verbs: the 하 contracts before -아/-어 suffixes to give 해. 행복해요, 행복했어요, 행복합니다. See all 하다 verbs →
Conjugation table
pron. = pronunciation guide · RR = Revised Romanization
Highlighted = where the stem changes
| Tense | Casual (반말) | Polite (요) | Formal (합니다) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present | 부족해요 boo-choh-kae-yoh bujokaeyo | 부족합니다 boo-choh-kahm-nee-dah bujokamnida | |
| Past | 부족했어 boo-choh-kae-ssuh bujokaesseo | 부족했어요 boo-choh-kae-ssuh-yoh bujokaesseoyo | 부족했습니다 boo-choh-kae-sseum-nee-dah bujokaesseumnida |
| Future | 부족할 거야 boo-choh-kahl guh-yah bujokal geoya | 부족할 거예요 boo-choh-kahl guh-yae-yoh bujokal geoyeyo | 부족할 겁니다 boo-choh-kahl guhm-nee-dah bujokal geomnida |
Other useful forms
Honorific / Command Polite (-(으)세요)
부족하세요
boo-choh-kah-sae-yoh
bujokaseyo
Suggestion / Let's Polite (요)
부족해요
boo-choh-kae-yoh
bujokaeyo
Question Polite (요)
부족해요?
boo-choh-kae-yoh-?
bujokaeyo?
Connective "and" — (고)
부족하고
boo-choh-kah-goh
bujokago
Conditional "if" — (면)
부족하면
boo-choh-kah-myuhn
bujokamyeon
Progressive (고 있어요)
부족하고 있어요
boo-choh-kah-goh ee-ssuh-yoh
bujokago isseoyo
Want to (고 싶어요)
부족하고 싶어요
boo-choh-kah-goh shee-puh-yoh
bujokago sipeoyo
Can / Able to ((으)ㄹ 수 있어요)
부족할 수 있어요
boo-choh-kahl soo ee-ssuh-yoh
bujokal su isseoyo
Because / So (아/어서)
부족해서
boo-choh-kae-suh
bujokaeseo
Noun form — (기)
부족하기
boo-choh-kah-gee
bujokagi
Noun form — (음)
부족함
boo-choh-kahm
bujokam